Journal of the stylistic of Persian poem and prose
volume Number 13، number In Volume 11، February 2021 ، issue Number 57

Analysis of conceptual metaphors of power and its related semantic clusters in the Shahnameh of Ferdowsi

Fateme Mohseni Gerdkouhi (Author in Charge), Vida Shirkavand , Asieh Godarzinezhad

Abstract

Metaphor had been separated from the language in the Classic point of view and had been a figure of speech for paralysis of words, which it had been entered the language in a premeditated way until conceptual metaphor theory expressed by Lakoff and Johnson (1980). The theory suggests metaphor not only is a linguistic tool but also is a tool that enables people to use what they know about their direct physical and social experiences to understand more abstract things. In this paper, power as well as its related semantic clusters in the Shahnameh of Ferdowsi such as war, grudge, fear, anger, rampage, throne (conceptual symbol of the monarchy), and death are presented in order to understand different conceptual metaphors. The theoretical basis of this paper has been founded on Lakoff and Johnson’s conceptual metaphor theory. Investigation of descriptive studies of various conceptual metaphors and extraction of its related researches has been revealed that Ferdowsi employed the tangible domains of objective concepts such as objects, and rarely food, place, and living creatures for the domain of origin to conceptualize power and related conceptual clusters. Statistical analysis of conceptual metaphors shows that ontological metaphors as the highest one, orientational metaphors as the second one, and structural metaphors as the lowest one have achieved 79.67%, 17.07%, and 3.25%, respectively.

Keyword
conceptual metaphor , ontological metaphor , structural metaphor , orientational metaphor , Ferdowsi , Shahnameh , power

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